JNTUK R19 2-1 RVSP Material PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-1 Random Variables and Stochastic Processes Material PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-1 RVSP Material PDF Download

Course Objectives: This course is designed to:

• To give students an introduction to elementary probability theory, in preparation to learn the concepts of statistical analysis, random variables and stochasticprocesses.
• To mathematically model the random phenomena with the help of probabilitytheory Concepts.
• To introduce the important concepts of random variables and stochasticprocesses.
• To analyze the LTI systems with stationary random process asinput.

UNIT-1

THE RANDOM VARIABLE: Introduction, Review of Probability Theory, Definition of a Random Variable, Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable, Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variables, Distribution and Density functions, Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh, Conditional Distribution, Conditional Density, Properties.

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UNIT-2

OPERATION ON ONE RANDOM VARIABLE – EXPECTATIONS: Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable, Function of a Random Variable, Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew, Chebychev’s Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of a Random Variable: Monotonic Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable, Non-monotonic Transformations of Continuous Random Variable.

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UNIT-3

MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Properties of Joint Distribution, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density, Statistical Independence, Sum of Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit Theorem: Unequal Distribution, EqualDistributions.

OPERATIONS ON MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N Random Variables case, Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables.

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UNIT-4

RANDOM PROCESSES – TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS: The RandomProcess Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Nondeterministic Processes, Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence. First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, Nth -order and Strict-Sense Stationarity, Time Averages and Ergodicity, Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, CrossCorrelation Function and its Properties, Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random Processes, Poisson Random Process.

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UNIT-5

RANDOM PROCESSES – SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS: The PowerDensity Spectrum: Properties, Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function, The Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties, Relationship between Cross-Power Density Spectrum and Cross-Correlation Function.

LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH RANDOM INPUTS: Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response – Convolution, Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response, Autocorrelation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and Output, Spectral Characteristics of System Response: Power Density Spectrum of Response, CrossPower Density Spectra of Input and Output, Band pass, Band-Limited and Narrowband Processes, Properties.

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Text Books:

1. Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles, Peyton Z. Peebles,TMH, 4th Edition, 2001.

2. Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Athanasios Papoulisand S.Unnikrisha, PHI, 4th Edition, 2002.

3. Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal Processing, HenryStark and John W. Woods, Pearson Education, 3rdEdition, 2001.

Reference Books:

1. Schaum’s Outline of Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes, 1997.

2. An Introduction to Random Signals and Communication Theory, B.P. Lathi, International Textbook, 1968.

3. Probability Theory and Random Processes, P. Ramesh Babu, McGrawHill, 2015.

Course Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be able to

• Mathematically model the random phenomena and solve simple probabilisticproblems.
• Identify different types of random variables and compute statistical averages ofthese randomvariables.
• Characterize the random processes in the time and frequencydomains.
• Analyze the LTI systems with randominputs.

JNTUK R19 2-1 Signals and Systems Material PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-1 Signals and Systems Material PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-1 Signals and Systems Material PDF Download

Course Objectives: This course is designed to:

• To study about signals andsystems.
• To analyze the spectral characteristics of signal using Fourier series and Fouriertransforms.
• To understand the characteristics of systems.
• To introduce the concept of sampling process
• To know various transform techniques to analyze the signals and systems.

UNIT-1

INTRODUCTION: Definition of Signals and Systems, Classification of Signals, Classification of Systems, Operations on signals: time-shifting, time-scaling, amplitudeshifting, amplitude-scaling. Problems on classification and characteristics of Signals and Systems. Complex exponential and sinusoidal signals, Singularity functions and related functions: impulse function, step function signum function and ramp function. Analogy between vectors and signals, orthogonal signal space, Signal approximation using orthogonal functions, Mean square error, closed or complete set of orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in complex functions. Related Problems.

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UNIT-2

FOURIER SERIES AND FOURIER TRANSFORM: Fourier series representation of continuous time periodic signals, properties of Fourier series, Dirichlet’s conditions, Trigonometric Fourier series and Exponential Fourier series, Relation between Trigonometric and Exponential Fourier series, Complex Fourier spectrum. Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier transform of arbitrary signal, Fourier transform of standard signals, Fourier transform of periodic signals, properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transforms involving impulse function and Signum function. Introduction to Hilbert Transform.RelatedProblems.

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UNIT-3

ANALYSIS OF LINEAR SYSTEMS: Introduction, Linear system, impulse response, Response of a linear system, Linear time invariant (LTI) system, Linear time variant (LTV) system, Concept of convolution in time domain and frequency domain, Graphical representation of convolution, Transfer function of a LTI system, Related problems. Filter characteristics of linear systems. Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal bandwidth, system bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Poly-Wiener criterion for physical realization, relationship between bandwidth and rise time.

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UNIT-4

CORRELATION: Auto-correlation and cross-correlation of functions, properties of correlation function, Energy density spectrum, Parseval’s theorem, Power density spectrum, Relation between Convolution and correlation, Detection of periodic signals in the presence of noise by correlation, Extraction of signal from noise by filtering.

SAMPLING THEOREM : Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, impulse sampling, Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, effect of under sampling – Aliasing, Introduction to Band Pass sampling, Related problems.

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UNIT-5

LAPLACE TRANSFORMS: Introduction, Concept of region of convergence (ROC) for Laplace transforms, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Properties of L.T’s, Inverse Laplace transform, Relation between L.T’s, and F.T. of a signal. Laplace transform of certain signals using waveformsynthesis.

Z–TRANSFORMS: Concept of Z- Transform of a discrete sequence. Region of convergence in Z-Transform, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Ztransform, properties of Z-transforms. Distinction between Laplace, Fourier and Z transforms.

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Text Books:

1. Signals, Systems & Communications – B.P. Lathi, BS Publications, 2003.

2. Signals and Systems – A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, PHI, 2nd Edn, 1997

3. Signals & Systems – Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley, 2ndEdition, 2007

Reference Books:

1. Principles of Linear Systems and Signals – BP Lathi, Oxford University Press, 2015

2. Signals and Systems – T K Rawat , Oxford University press, 2011

Course Outcomes:

• Differentiate the various classifications of signals andsystems
• Analyze the frequency domain representation of signals using Fourierconcepts
• Classify the systems based on their properties and determine the response ofLTI Systems.
• Know the sampling process and various types of samplingtechniques.
• Apply Laplace and z-transforms to analyze signals and Systems (continuous &discrete).

JNTUK R19 2-1 MEFA Material/Notes PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE, EEE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-1 Managerial Economics & Financial Analysis Material PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-1 MEFA Material/Notes PDF Download

Course Objectives: This course is designed to:

• The Learning objectives of this paper are to understand the concept and nature of Managerial Economics and its relationship with other disciplines and also to understand the Concept of Demand and Demandforecasting.
• To familiarize about the Production function, Input Output relationship, Cost-Output relationship and Cost-Volume-ProfitAnalysis.
• To understand the nature of markets, Methods of Pricing in the different market structures and to know the different forms ofBusiness organization and the concept of Business Cycles.
• To learn different Accounting Systems, preparation of Financial Statement and uses of different tools for performanceevaluation.
• Finally, it is also to understand the concept of Capital, Capital Budgeting and the techniques used to evaluate Capital Budgetingproposals.

UNIT-1

Introduction to Managerial Economics and demand Analysis: Definition of Managerial Economics –Scope of Managerial Economics and its relationship with other subjects –Concept of Demand, Types of Demand, Determinants of Demand- Demand schedule, Demand curve, Law of Demand and its limitations- Elasticity of Demand, Types of Elasticity of Demand and Measurement- Demand forecasting and Methods of forecasting, Concept of Supply and Law of Supply.

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Unit-2

Theories of Production and Cost Analyses: Theories of Production function- Law of Variable proportions-Isoquants and Isocosts and choice of least cost factor combination-Concepts of Returns to scale and Economies of scale-Different cost concepts: opportunity costs, explicit and implicit costs-Fixed costs, Variable Costs and Total costs –Cost –VolumeProfit analysis-Determination of Breakeven point(problems)-Managerial significance and limitations of Breakeven point.

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Unit-3

Introduction to Markets, Theories of the Firm & Pricing Policies: Market Structures: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic competition and Oligopoly – Features – Price and Output Determination – Managerial Theories of firm: Marris and Williamson’s models – other Methods of Pricing: Average cost pricing, Limit Pricing, Market Skimming Pricing, Internet Pricing: (Flat Rate Pricing, Usage sensitive pricing) and Priority Pricing, Business Cycles : Meaning and Features – Phases of a Business Cycle. Features and Evaluation of Sole Trader, Partnership, Joint Stock Company – State/Public Enterprises and their forms.

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Unit-4

Introduction to Accounting & Financing Analysis: Introduction to Double Entry System, Journal, Ledger, Trail Balance and Preparation of Final Accounts with adjustments – Preparation of Financial Statements-Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements-Ratio Analysis – Preparation of Funds flow and cash flow analysis (Problems)

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Unit-5

Capital and Capital Budgeting: Capital Budgeting: Meaning of Capital-Capitalization-Meaning of Capital Budgeting-Time value of money- Methods of appraising Project profitability: Traditional Methods(pay back period, accounting rate of return) and modern methods(Discounted cash flow method, Net Present Value method, Internal Rate of Return Method and Profitability Index)

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Text Books:

1. A R Aryasri, Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, The McGraw – Hill companies.

Reference Books:

1. Varshney R.L, K.L Maheswari, Managerial Economics, S. Chand & CompanyLtd,

2. JL Pappas and EF Brigham, Managerial Economics, Holt, R & W; New editionedition

3. N.P Srinivasn and M. SakthivelMurugan, Accounting for Management, S. Chand & CompanyLtd,

4. MaheswariS.N,AnIntroduction to Accountancy, Vikas Publishing House PvtLtd

5. I.M Pandey, Financial Management , Vikas Publishing House PvtLtd

6. V. Maheswari, Managerial Economics, S. Chand & CompanyLtd.

Course Outcomes:

• The Learner is equipped with the knowledge of estimating the Demand and demand elasticities for aproduct.
• The knowledge of understanding of the Input-Output-Cost relationships and estimation of the least cost combination ofinputs.
• The pupil is also ready to understand the nature of different markets and Price Output determination under various market conditions and also to have the knowledge of different BusinessUnits.
• The Learner is able to prepare Financial Statements and the usage of various Accounting tools forAnalysis.
• The Learner can able to evaluate various investment project proposals with the help of capital budgeting techniques for decisionmaking.

JNTUK R19 2-1 Data Structures Material PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 CSE, IT Branches, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-1 Data Structures Material PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-1 Data Structures Material PDF Download

Course Objectives: This course is designed to:

• Introduce the fundamental concept of data structures and abstract data types
• Emphasize the importance of data structures in developing and implementing efficient algorithms
• Describe how arrays, records, linked structures, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs are represented in memory and used by algorithms

Course Outcomes: After completing this course a student will be able to:

• Summarize the properties, interfaces, and behaviors of basic abstract data types
• Discuss the computational efficiency of the principal algorithms for sorting & searching
• Use arrays, records, linked structures, stacks, queues, trees, and Graphs in writing programs
• Demonstrate different methods for traversing trees

UNIT-1

Data Structures – Definition, Classification of Data Structures, Operations on Data Structures, Abstract Data Type (ADT), Preliminaries of algorithms. Time and Space complexity. Searching – Linear search, Binary search, Fibonacci search. Sorting- Insertion sort, Selection sort, Exchange (Bubble sort, quick sort), distribution (radix sort), merging (Merge sort) algorithms.

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UNIT-2

Linked List: Introduction, Single linked list, Representation of Linked list in memory, Operations on Single Linked list-Insertion, Deletion, Search and Traversal ,Reversing Single Linked list, Applications on Single Linked list- Polynomial Expression Representation, Addition and Multiplication, Sparse Matrix Representation using Linked List, Advantages and Disadvantages of Single Linked list, Double Linked list-Insertion, Deletion, Circular Linked list-Insertion, Deletion.

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UNIT-3

Queues: Introduction to Queues, Representation of Queues-using Arrays and using Linked list, Implementation of Queues-using Arrays and using Linked list, Application of Queues-Circular Queues, Deques, Priority Queues, Multiple Queues.

Stacks: Introduction to Stacks, Array Representation of Stacks, Operations on Stacks, Linked list Representation of Stacks, Operations on Linked Stack, Applications-Reversing list, Factorial Calculation, Infix to Postfix Conversion, Evaluating Postfix Expressions.

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UNIT-4

Trees: Basic Terminology in Trees, Binary Trees-Properties, Representation of Binary Trees using Arrays and Linked lists. Binary Search Trees- Basic Concepts, BST Operations: Insertion, Deletion, Tree Traversals, Applications-Expression Trees, Heap Sort, Balanced Binary TreesAVL Trees, Insertion, Deletion and Rotations.

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UNIT-5

Graphs: Basic Concepts, Representations of Graphs-Adjacency Matrix and using Linked list, Graph Traversals (BFT & DFT), Applications- Minimum Spanning Tree Using Prims & Kruskals Algorithm, Dijkstra’s shortest path, Transitive closure, Warshall’s Algorithm.

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e-Resources:

Modules / Lectures

Link-2

Text Books:

1) Data Structures Using C. 2nd Edition.Reema Thareja, Oxford.

2) Data Structures and algorithm analysis in C, 2nded, Mark Allen Weiss.

Reference Books:

1) Fundamentals of Data Structures in C, 2nd Edition, Horowitz, Sahni, Universities Press.

2) Data Structures: A PseudoCode Approach, 2/e, Richard F.Gilberg, Behrouz A. Forouzon, Cengage.

3) Data Structures with C, Seymour Lipschutz TMH