JNTUK R19 2-2 Computer Architecture and Organization Material PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-2 Computer Architecture and Organization (CAO) Material/Notes PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-2 Computer Architecture and Organization Material PDF Download

OBJECTIVES:

• To understand the architecture of amodern computer with its variousprocessingunits. Also the Performance measurement of thecomputersystem.
• To understand the memory management systemofcomputer.
• To Understand the various instructions, addressingmodes
• To Understand the concept of I/Oorganization

UNIT-1

Basic Structure Of Computers: Functional unit, Basic Operational concepts, Bus structures, System Software, Performance, The history of computer development.

Machine Instruction and Programs: Instruction and Instruction Sequencing: Register Transfer Notation, Assembly Language Notation, Basic Instruction Types.

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UNIT-2

Addressing Modes, Basic Input/output Operations, The role of Stacks and Queues in computer programming equation. Component of Instructions: Logic Instructions, shift and Rotate Instructions

Type of Instructions: Arithmetic and Logic Instructions, Branch Instructions, Addressing Modes, Input/output Operations

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UNIT-3

INPUT/OUTPUT ORGANIZATION: Accessing I/O Devices, Interrupts: Interrupt Hardware, Enabling and Disabling Interrupts, Handling Multiple Devices, Direct Memory Access,

Buses: Synchronous Bus, Asynchronous Bus, Interface Circuits, Standard I/O Interface: Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Bus, Universal Serial Bus (USB)

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UNIT-4

The MEMORY SYSTEMS: Basic memory circuits, Memory System Consideration, ReadOnly Memory: ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory, Cache Memories: Mapping Functions, INTERLEAVING

Secondary Storage: Magnetic Hard Disks, Optical Disks,

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UNIT-5

Processing Unit: Fundamental Concepts: Register Transfers, Performing an Arithmetic Or Logic Operation, Fetching A Word From Memory,Execution of Complete Instruction, Hardwired Control,

Micro programmed Control: Microinstructions, Micro program Sequencing, Wide Branch Addressing Microinstructions with next –Address Field

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. Computer Organization, Carl Hamacher, ZvonksVranesic, SafeaZaky, 5thEdition, McGrawHill, 2011.
2. Computer Architecture and Organization, John P. Hayes ,3rdEdition, McGrawHill, 2002.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Computer Organization and Architecture – William Stallings SixthEdition,Pearson/PHI
2. Structured Computer Organization – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4th EditionPHI/Pearson, 2012.
3. Fundamentals or Computer Organization and Design, – Sivaraama Dandamudi Springer Int.Edition, 2003.
4. “Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface” by DavidA. Patterson and John L.Hennessy, 1998.
5. J .P. Hayes, “Computer Architecture and Organization”, McGraw-Hill,1998

OUTCOMES:

• Students can understand the architecture ofmoderncomputer.
• They can analyze the Performance of a computer usingperformanceequation
• Understanding of differentinstructiontypes.
• Students can calculate the effective address of an operand byaddressingmodes
• They can understand how computer stores positive andnegativenumbers.
• Understand the concepts of I/O Organization and Memorysystems.

JNTUK R19 2-2 Analog Communications Material/Notes PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-2 Analog Communications Material/Notes PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-2 Analog Communications Material/Notes PDF Download

OBJECTIVES:

• Familiarize with the fundamentals of analog communicationsystems.
• Familiarize with various techniques for analog modulation and demodulation of signals.
• Distinguish the figure of merits of various analog modulationmethods.
• Develop the ability to classify and understand various functional blocks of radio transmitters andreceivers.
• Familiarize with basic techniques for generating and demodulating various pulse modulatedsignals.

UNIT-1

AMPLITUDE MODULATION : Introduction to communication system, Need for modulation, Frequency Division Multiplexing , Amplitude Modulation, Definition, Time domain and frequency domain description, single tone modulation, power relations in AM waves, Generation of AM waves, square law Modulator, Switching modulator, Detection of AM Waves; Square law detector, Envelope detector.

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UNIT-2

DSB & SSB MODULATION: Double side band suppressed carrier modulators, time domain and frequency domain description, Generation of DSBSC Waves, Balanced Modulators, Ring Modulator, Coherent detection of DSB-SC Modulated waves, COSTAS Loop. Frequency domain description, Frequency discrimination method for generation of AM SSB Modulated Wave, Time domain description, Phase discrimination method for generating AM SSB Modulated waves. Demodulation of SSB Waves, Vestigial side band modulation: Frequency description, Generation of VSB Modulated wave, Time domain description, Envelope detection of a VSB Wave pulse Carrier, Comparison of AM Techniques, Applications of different AM Systems, FDM.

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UNIT-3

ANGLE MODULATION: Basic concepts, Frequency Modulation: Single tone frequency modulation, Spectrum Analysis of Sinusoidal FM Wave, Narrow band FM, Wide band FM, Constant Average Power, Transmission bandwidth of FM Wave – Generation of FM Waves, Detection of FM Waves: Balanced Frequency discriminator, Zero crossing detector, Phase locked loop. Comparison of FM & AM.

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UNIT-4

TRANSMITTERS & RECEIVERS: Radio Transmitter – Classification of Transmitter, AM Transmitter, Effect of feedback on performance of AM Transmitter, FM Transmitter – Variable reactance type and phase modulated FM Transmitter, frequency stability in FM Transmitter. Radio Receiver – Receiver Types – Tuned radio frequency receiver, Super hetro dyne receiver, RF section and Characteristics – Frequency changing and tracking, Intermediate frequency, AGC, FM Receiver, Comparison with AM Receiver, Amplitude limiting. Communication Receivers, extensions of super heterodyne principle and additional circuits.

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UNIT-5

NOISE: Review of noise and noise sources, noise figure, Noise in Analog communication Systems, Noise in DSB& SSB System, Noise in AM System, Noise in Angle Modulation Systems, Threshold effect in Angle Modulation System, Pre-emphasis & de-emphasis

PULSE MODULATION: Types of Pulse modulation, PAM (Single polarity, double polarity) PWM: Generation & demodulation of PWM, PPM, Generation and demodulation of PPM, Time Division Multiplexing, TDM Vs FDM

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. Principles of Communication Systems – H Taub & D. Schilling, Gautam Sahe,TMH, 3rd Edition,2007.
2. Principles of Communication Systems – Simon Haykin, John Wiley, 2nd Edition,2007.
3. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems –B.P.Lathi, Zhi Ding, Hari Mohan Gupta, Oxford University Press, 4th Edition, 2017

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Electronics & Communication System – George Kennedy and Bernard Davis,TMH 2004.
2. Communication Systems– R.P. Singh, SP Sapre, Second Edition TMH,2007.
3. Electronic Communication systems – Tomasi, Pearson, fourth Edition,2007.

OUTCOMES:

• Differentiate various Analog modulation and demodulationschemes and their spectralcharacteristics
• Analyze noise characteristics of various analog modulationmethods
• Analyze various functional blocks of radio transmitters andreceivers
• Design simple analog systems for various modulationtechniques.

JNTUK R19 2-2 EM Waves and Transmission Lines Material PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-2 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines Material/Notes PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-2 EM Waves and Transmission Lines Material PDF Download

OBJECTIVES:

• Fundamentals of steady electric and magnetic fields using variouslaws
• Apply the concept of static and time varying Maxwell equations and power flow using pointingtheorem
• Wave characteristics in different media for normal and obliqueincidence
• Implement various concepts of transmission lines and impedancemeasurements

UNIT-1

Transmission Lines – I : Types, Parameters, T&π Equivalent Circuits, Transmission Line Equations,Primary & Secondary Constants, Expressions for Characteristic Impedance, Propagation Constant, Phase and GroupVelocities, Infinite Line, Lossless lines, distortion less lines, Illustrative Problems.

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UNIT-2:

Transmission Lines – II: Input Impedance Relations, SC and OC Lines, Reflection Coefficient, VSWR. Low loss radio frequency lines and UHF Transmission lines, UHF Lines as Circuit Elements; ImpedanceTransformations,λ/8,λ/4 andλ /2 Lines –. Smith Chart – Construction and Applications, Quarter wave transformer,Single Stub Matching, Illustrative Problems.

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UNIT-3

Review of Co-ordinate Systems, Electrostatics: Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity, Electric Flux Density,Gauss Law and Applications, Electric Potential, Maxwell’s Two Equations for Electrostatic Fields, Energy Density, Illustrative Problems. Convection and Conduction Currents, Dielectric Constant, Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations; Capacitance – Parallel Plate, Coaxial Capacitors, Illustrative Problems.

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UNIT-4

Magneto Statics: Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Applications, Magnetic Flux Density,Maxwell’s Two Equations for Magnetostatic Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials, Forces due to MagneticFields, Ampere’s Force Law, Inductances and Magnetic Energy. IllustrativeProblems. Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields): Faraday’s Law and Transformer EMF, Inconsistency of Ampere’sLaw and Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s Equations in Different Final Forms and Word Statements.Conditions at a Boundary Surface.Illustrative Problems.

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UNIT-5:

EM Wave Characteristics : Wave Equations for Conducting and Perfect Dielectric Media, UniformPlane Waves – Definition, All Relations Between E & H, Sinusoidal Variations, Wave Propagation in Lossydielectrics, lossless dielectrics, free space, wave propagation in good conductors, skin depth, Polarization & Types,Illustrative Problems. Reflection and Refraction of Plane Waves – Normal and ObliqueIncidences, for both Perfect Conductor and Perfect Dielectrics, Brewster Angle, Critical Angle and Total InternalReflection, Surface Impedance. Poynting Vector and Poynting Theorem.Illustrative Problems.

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. Elements of Electromagnetic – Matthew N.O. Sadiku, Oxford Univ. Press, 3rd ed.,2001.
2. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems – E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, PHI, 2nd Edition, 2000.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines –GSN Raju, Pearson Education 2006
2. Engineering Electromagnetic – William H. Hayt Jr. and John A. Buck, TMH, 7th ed., 2006.
3. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines: G SasiBhushana Rao, WileyIndia 2013.
4. Networks, Linesand Fields John D. Ryder, Second Edition, PearsonEducation, 2015.

OUTCOMES:

• Determine E and H using various laws and applications of electric & magneticfields
• Apply the Maxwell equations to analyze the time varying behavior of EMwaves
• Gain the knowledge in uniform plane wave concept and characteristics of uniformplane wave invariousmedia
• Calculate Brewster angle, critical angle and total internalreflection
• Derive andCalculate the expressions for input impedance of transmission lines,reflection coefficient, VSWR etc. using smithchart

JNTUK R19 2-2 Electronic Circuit Analysis Material/Notes PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 ECE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-2 Electronic Circuit Analysis (ECA) Material/Notes PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-2 Electronic Circuit Analysis Material/Notes PDF Download

OBJECTIVES:

• To learn hybrid-pi parameters at high frequency and compare with low frequency parameters.
• Learn and understand the purpose of cascading of single stage amplifiers and derive the overall voltagegain.
• Analyze the effect of negative feedback on amplifier characteristics and derive the characteristics.
• Learn and understand the basic principle of oscillator circuits and perform the analysis of different oscillatorcircuits.
• Compare and analyze different Power amplifiers like Class A, Class B, Class C, Class AB and other types ofamplifiers.
• Analyze different types of tuned amplifiercircuits.

UNIT-1

Small Signal High Frequency Transistor Amplifier models: BJT: Transistor at high frequencies, Hybrid- π common emitter transistor model, Hybrid π conductance, Hybrid π capacitances, validity of hybrid π model, determination of highfrequency parameters in terms of low-frequency parameters , CE short circuit current gain, current gain with resistive load, cut-off frequencies, frequency response and gain bandwidth product.

FET: Analysis of common Source and common drain Amplifier circuits at high frequencies.

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UNIT-2

Multistage Amplifiers: Classification of amplifiers, methods of coupling, cascaded transistor amplifier and its analysis, analysis of two stage RC coupled amplifier, high input resistance transistor amplifier circuits and their analysis-Darlington pair amplifier, Cascode amplifier, Boot-strap emitter follower, Differential amplifier using BJT.

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UNIT-3

Feedback Amplifiers: Feedback principle and concept, types of feedback, classification of amplifiers, feedback topologies, Characteristics of negative feedback amplifiers, Generalized analysis of feedback amplifiers, Performance comparison of feedback amplifiers, Method of analysis of feedback amplifiers.

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Unit-4

Oscillators: Oscillator principle, condition for oscillations, types of oscillators, RC-phase shift and Wien bridge oscillators with BJT and FET and their analysis, Generalized analysis of LC Oscillators, Hartley and Colpitt’s oscillators using BJT, Frequency and amplitude stability of oscillators.

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UNIT-5

Power Amplifiers: Classification of amplifiers(A to H), Class A power Amplifiers, Class B Push-pull amplifiers, Complementary symmetry push pull amplifier, Class AB power amplifier, Class-C power amplifier, Thermal stability and Heatsinks.

Tuned Amplifiers: Introduction, Q-Factor, small signal tuned amplifier, capacitance single tuned amplifier, double tuned amplifiers, , staggered tunedamplifiers

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. Integrated Electronics- J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, Tata McGraw-Hill,1972.
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory – Robert L. Boylestad and LouisNashelsky, Pearson/Prentice Hall, Tenth Edition,2009.
3. Electronic Devices and Integrated Circuits – B.P. Singh,Rekha , Pearson publications, 2006

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design – Donald A. Neaman, McGrawHill,2010.
2. Microelectronic Circuits-Sedra A.S. and K.C. Smith, Oxford University Press,Sixth Edition,2011.
3. Electronic Circuit Analysis-B.V.Rao, K.R.Rajeswari, P.C.R.Pantulu,K.B.R.Murthy, PearsonPublications.

OUTCOMES:

• Design and analysis ofsmall signal high frequency transistor amplifier using BJT and FET.
• Designandanalysisofmultistageamplifiersusing BJTandFETandDifferential amplifier using BJT.
• Derive the expressions for frequency ofoscillation and condition for oscillation of RC and LC oscillators and their amplitude and frequency stabilityconcept.
• Know the classification of the power and tuned amplifiers and their analysiswith performance comparison.

JNTUK R19 2-2 Database Management Systems Material PDF Download

Students those who are studying JNTUK R19 CSE Branch, Can Download Unit wise R19 2-2 Database Management Systems (DBMS) Material/Notes PDFs below.

JNTUK R19 2-2 Database Management Systems Material PDF Download

OBJECTIVES:

• To introduce about database management systems
• To give a good formal foundation on the relational model of data and usage of Relational Algebra
• To introduce the concepts of basic SQL as a universal Database language
• To demonstrate the principles behind systematic database design approaches by covering conceptual design, logical design through normalization
• To provide an overview of physical design of a database system, by discussing Database indexing techniques and storage techniques

UNIT-1

Introduction: Database system, Characteristics (Database Vs File System), Database Users(Actors on Scene, Workers behind the scene), Advantages of Database systems, Database applications. Brief introduction of different Data Models; Concepts of Schema, Instance and data independence; Three tier schema architecture for data independence; Database system structure, environment, Centralized and Client Server architecture for the database.

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UNIT-2

Relational Model: Introduction to relational model, concepts of domain, attribute, tuple, relation, importance of null values, constraints (Domain, Key constraints, integrity constraints) and their importance

BASIC SQL: Simple Database schema, data types, table definitions (create, alter), different DML operations (insert, delete, update), basic SQL querying (select and project) using where clause, arithmetic & logical operations, SQL functions(Date and Time, Numeric, String conversion).

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UNIT-3

Entity Relationship Model: Introduction, Representation of entities, attributes, entity set, relationship, relationship set, constraints, sub classes, super class, inheritance, specialization, generalization using ER Diagrams.

SQL: Creating tables with relationship, implementation of key and integrity constraints, nested queries, sub queries, grouping, aggregation, ordering, implementation of different types of joins, view(updatable and non-updatable), relational set operations.

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UNIT-4

Schema Refinement (Normalization): Purpose of Normalization or schema refinement, concept of functional dependency, normal forms based on functional dependency(1NF, 2NF and 3 NF), concept of surrogate key, Boyce-codd normal form(BCNF), Lossless join and dependency preserving decomposition, Fourth normal form(4NF), Fifth Normal Form (5NF).

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UNIT-5

Transaction Concept: Transaction State, Implementation of Atomicity and Durability, Concurrent Executions, Serializability, Recoverability, Implementation of Isolation, Testing for Serializability, Failure Classification, Storage, Recovery and Atomicity, Recovery algorithm.

Indexing Techniques: B+ Trees: Search, Insert, Delete algorithms, File Organization and Indexing, Cluster Indexes, Primary and Secondary Indexes , Index data Structures, Hash Based Indexing: Tree base Indexing, Comparison of File Organizations, Indexes and Performance Tuning

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TEXT BOOKS:

1) Database Management Systems, 3/e, Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TMH

2) Database System Concepts,5/e, Silberschatz, Korth, TMH

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Database Systems, 8/e C J Date, PEA.
2. Database Management System, 6/e Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant B. Navathe, PEA
3. Database Principles Fundamentals of Design Implementation and Management, Corlos Coronel, Steven Morris, Peter Robb, Cengage Learning.

e-Resources:

1) NPTEL

OUTCOMES:

• Describe a relational database and object-oriented database
• Create, maintain and manipulate a relational database using SQL
• Describe ER model and normalization for database design
• Examine issues in data storage and query processing and can formulate appropriate solutions
• Outline the role and issues in management of data such as efficiency, privacy, security, ethical responsibility, and strategic advantage